No.009 · Birds · Common
Grey heron
Ardea cinerea
A tall, still fisher on the water's edge, grey-backed with a black eye-stripe. It flies with slow beats, neck folded back in an S and long legs trailing.
When to look
All year, mostly at dawn, day and dusk.
- J
- F
- M
- A
- M
- J
- J
- A
- S
- O
- N
- D
Time of day
- Dawn
- Day
- Dusk
- Night
- Best time
- Dawn and dusk at the water's edge, all year; heronries busy from February.
- Where in the game
- Millbrook (canal, pond and park) and the Norfolk Broads (broad, river, fen, grazing marsh, reedbed and carr)
- Size
- Length about 94 cm
- Wingspan
- About 1.8 m
- Weight
- About 1.5 kg (BTO adult average)
- Lifespan
- Average about 5 years; the oldest ringed bird lived over 23 years (Wildlife Trusts, BTO)
- Population
- About 11,000 breeding pairs in the UK (BTO, 2013–17)
- Status
- Green (Birds of Conservation Concern 5, 2021)
Diet
Fish, frogs, small mammals and ducklings; wades or waits for hours and spears prey with a sudden strike.
Habitat
Rivers, canals, lakes and wet grassland; nests in tall trees.
Breeding
Nests in colonies (heronries) in treetops from February; usually 3–4 pale blue eggs; chicks fledge in about 7–8 weeks.
Field signs
- Rasping 'frarnk' call in flight
- White splashes of droppings on branches under a heronry
- Still, hunched, grey figure on the canal edge
Did you know?
- A heron can stand motionless at the water's edge for long spells, then strike faster than the eye can follow.
- Grey herons are gently shy about people, yet an urban canal heron may learn to raid garden ponds for fish and frogs.
- The record ringed heron lived nearly 24 years (BTO).
Moments worth waiting for
- The strike
A heron freezes at the edge, then lunges and comes up with a wriggling fish. - Eel on the bank
A heron wrestles a slippery eel and swallows it whole.
Photo tip
Wait beside the water in the dim light of dawn, staying low and still; a long lens from the towpath gets the strike. Shoot with a fast shutter as it lunges.
Be a good naturalist
Do not approach a heronry from February to June; herons abandon nests when disturbed. Never feed herons or drive one off a pond that another person owns.
The law
All wild birds, their nests and eggs are protected under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981; it is an offence to kill, injure or take them or damage an active nest.