No.071 · Birds · Uncommon
Crested tit
Lophophanes cristatus
A tiny, perky tit with a black-and-white speckled crest, found in Britain only in the Highland pinewoods.
When to look
All year, mostly at dawn and day.
- J
- F
- M
- A
- M
- J
- J
- A
- S
- O
- N
- D
Time of day
- Dawn
- Day
- Dusk
- Night
- Best time
- Day, all year; often at bird feeders in winter. It likes calm days and is easiest to see in the early morning.
- Where in the game
- the Cairngorms (pine forest)
- Size
- 11–12 cm
- Wingspan
- 17–20 cm
- Weight
- 10–13 g
- Lifespan
- Typically 2 years once breeding; the oldest ringed bird was nearly 8 (BTO)
- Population
- About 1,000 pairs in the UK (BTO, 2007)
- Status
- Green (UK Birds of Conservation Concern, BTO)
Diet
Insects and spiders in summer; pine seeds and insects in winter; will visit peanuts and seed feeders.
Habitat
Old Scots pine woods with dead wood; found in Speyside and the Great Glen area.
Breeding
Nests in a hole excavated in a rotten pine stump between April and June; 5–6 eggs, incubated by the female for 13–16 days; chicks fledge after 20–25 days; one or two broods
Field signs
- A trilling, purring call: a sort of 'purr-r-r-r' of trilled notes
- Small holes in rotten pine stumps at head height
- A quick flutter through pine branches, not hovering
- A black-and-white bib and speckled crest even at distance
Did you know?
- It chisels out its own nest hole in soft, rotten pine wood, usually low down.
- In Scotland it is confined to old pinewoods and plantations in Easter Ross, Glen Affric, Strathspey and the Moray Firth coast (Trees for Life).
- The crest lifts when the bird is excited or alarmed.
Moments worth waiting for
- Excavating a nest hole
A crested tit clings to a rotten pine stump, pecking out chips of wood and flicking them away to make a nest hole.
Photo tip
Sit near a peanut feeder at eye level and use a fast shutter to freeze the twitchy movements. Look for the crest against a soft green pine background.
Be a good naturalist
Nest holes are protected. Do not use recordings to lure the bird: playback stresses birds during the breeding season and can draw them from their nests.
The law
Schedule 1 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981: it is an offence to disturb it at or near the nest.