No.021 · Butterflies, moths and other insects · Common
Red admiral
Vanessa atalanta
A bold black butterfly with scarlet bars and white spots. Most arrive each spring from southern Europe and North Africa; a few overwinter in the far south.
When to look
June to October, mostly at day.
- J
- F
- M
- A
- M
- J
- J
- A
- S
- O
- N
- D
Time of day
- Dawn
- Day
- Dusk
- Night
- Best time
- Sunny days from May to October; peak September on ivy and rotting fruit.
- Where in the game
- Millbrook (garden, park, churchyard, canal and farmland) and the New Forest (lawn and ancient woodland)
- Wingspan
- 64–78 mm (males 64–72, females 70–78)
- Lifespan
- Individual adults live weeks to months; hibernating adults last the winter
- Population
- Fluctuates widely each year; up 234% between 1976 and 2019 (Butterfly Conservation)
- Status
- Least Concern (GB Red List, Butterfly Conservation 2022)
Diet
Adults: nectar (buddleia, ivy), sap and rotting fruit. Caterpillars: nettle.
Habitat
Gardens, parks, woodland rides and hedgerows.
Breeding
Migrants arrive from North Africa and continental Europe each spring; females lay eggs singly on nettle; caterpillars live in folded leaves; new adults from July; a few overwinter in the far south.
Field signs
- Folded nettle leaves held by silk, with a dark spiny caterpillar inside
- Butterfly with scarlet band and white spots on black forewings
- Males defend a sunny perch and chase off rivals
Did you know?
- Most red admirals in Britain are migrants from Europe and north Africa; some may now overwinter in the far south of England.
- Red admirals like rotting fruit and flowering ivy, drinking the sugary juice.
- A red admiral will readily land on people, and males guard a sunny patch and return to the same perch.
Moments worth waiting for
- Feeding on windfalls
A red admiral spreads its wings on a fallen apple, uncoiling its tongue to sip the juice. - Sunny-perch patrol
A male red admiral perches on a sunlit leaf and darts out to chase off rivals.
Photo tip
Approach slowly at ivy blossom or buddleia on a warm afternoon in September. A shallow angle from the side gets the wing pattern; a macro lens at 1 m.
Be a good naturalist
Do not net or handle butterflies. Leave a corner of nettles for caterpillars and plant ivy and buddleia; avoid pesticides.
The law
No legal protection.