No.208 · Butterflies, moths and other insects · Uncommon
Southern hawker
Aeshna cyanea
A large, green-and-blue dragonfly that patrols garden ponds and even hovers close to inspect a photographer. It hunts well away from water.
When to look
July to October, mostly at day.
- J
- F
- M
- A
- M
- J
- J
- A
- S
- O
- N
- D
Time of day
- Dawn
- Day
- Dusk
- Night
- Best time
- Sunny afternoons, July to early October. Females lay eggs in pond-edge plants in late summer.
- Where in the game
- Millbrook (pond, garden and canal)
- Size
- Body about 70 mm long
- Wingspan
- Up to about 110 mm
- Status
- Increasingly common across most of England and Wales (British Dragonfly Society)
Diet
Flying insects such as midges, flies and small moths, caught on the wing.
Habitat
Well-vegetated small ponds, often garden ponds; hunts along hedges, woodland rides and gardens, sometimes well into the evening.
Breeding
Eggs are laid in vegetation at the water's edge; larvae live underwater for a period of time before emerging in summer.
Field signs
- Large dragonfly with green and blue spots on a dark body; male mostly blue
- Patrols a beat along the hedge or pond edge, often hovering, and comes close to people
- Empty larval skin (exuvia) clinging to a pond-side plant stem
Did you know?
- The species has become increasingly common in recent decades across most of England and Wales (British Dragonfly Society).
- It is very inquisitive and will often come close to look at people.
- It hunts well away from water, so you may see it in a garden with no pond of its own.
Moments worth waiting for
- Hovering inspection
A southern hawker hovers half a metre from your lens, then zips away along the hedge.
Photo tip
Stand still near a pond edge on a warm afternoon; hawkers return to the same beat. Use a fast shutter (1/2000 s) and continuous focus; a hovering male makes the best shot.
Be a good naturalist
Don't handle or net dragonflies. Leave pond-edge vegetation standing so females can lay and larvae can emerge.
The law
Not specially protected in Britain, but ponds are sensitive habitats.